Pupil dilation is crucial in pediatric eye exams for several reasons: 1. Detailed Examination: It provides a more detailed view of the internal eye structures, which is essential for diagnosing conditions like retinopathy, cataracts, and glaucoma. 2. Early Detection: Early detection of eye problems can prevent long-term issues and aid in timely treatment. 3. Accurate Prescription: It helps in accurately assessing refractive errors, ensuring that any corrective lenses prescribed are appropriate for the child's needs.