While bicarbonate therapy can be life-saving, it is not without risks and limitations:
1. Overcorrection: Rapid or excessive administration can lead to metabolic alkalosis, which is equally dangerous. 2. Electrolyte Imbalance: Bicarbonate therapy can cause shifts in electrolytes, particularly sodium and potassium, leading to further complications. 3. Intraventricular Hemorrhage: Rapid changes in blood pH and osmolarity can increase the risk of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants. 4. Limited Efficacy in Some Cases: In conditions like lactic acidosis or severe hypoxia, bicarbonate therapy may not address the underlying cause and could be less effective.
