What Are Persistent Gait Abnormalities?
Persistent gait abnormalities refer to ongoing deviations from the normal pattern of walking in children. While
toddlers often exhibit a wide range of walking variations as they learn to walk, these typically resolve with time. When abnormalities persist, they may indicate an underlying
neurological or
musculoskeletal issue that requires further evaluation.
Toe Walking: This involves walking on the toes or balls of the feet and can be a normal phase in toddlers but may indicate issues like
cerebral palsy or
muscular dystrophy if persistent.
Antalgic Gait: A limp caused by pain, often due to injury or infection, such as
transient synovitis.
Trendelenburg Gait: Characterized by a drop of the pelvis on the contralateral side, often due to weakness of the hip abductor muscles.
Spastic Gait: Marked by stiffness and difficulty in movement, commonly associated with cerebral palsy.
Ataxic Gait: An unsteady, uncoordinated walk, often seen in children with cerebellar disorders.
How Are Gait Abnormalities Diagnosed?
Diagnosing gait abnormalities typically involves a thorough medical history and physical examination. Important steps in the diagnosis process include:
Observation: Watching the child walk to identify the type of gait abnormality.
Physical Examination: Assessing muscle strength, tone, and joint range of motion.
Neurological Assessment: Evaluating reflexes and coordination.
Imaging Tests: X-rays, MRI, or CT scans may be used to identify structural causes.
Laboratory Tests: Blood tests may be conducted to rule out underlying systemic conditions.
Physical Therapy: Helps improve strength, flexibility, and coordination.
Orthotic Devices: Braces or shoe inserts may be used to support alignment and function.
Medications: Such as muscle relaxants or pain relievers can be used to manage symptoms.
Surgical Interventions: In some cases, surgery may be necessary to correct structural abnormalities.
Multidisciplinary Care: Involving specialists such as neurologists, orthopedists, and physiatrists to provide comprehensive care.
The child experiences pain while walking.
There is a noticeable imbalance or frequent falls.
One foot or leg appears different in size compared to the other.
The child exhibits signs of developmental delays alongside gait abnormalities.
Early intervention can be crucial in managing and potentially correcting gait abnormalities, improving the child's quality of life.
