What Are the Common Neonatal Disorders Affecting Cognitive Development?
1. Premature Birth: Babies born before 37 weeks of gestation are at higher risk of cognitive delays. Preterm infants often face challenges in areas such as attention, executive function, and memory.
2. Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE): This condition occurs due to lack of oxygen and blood flow to the brain at birth. It can result in significant cognitive impairments, including difficulties in learning, memory, and problem-solving.
3. Neonatal Infections: Infections like meningitis and sepsis can cause inflammation and damage to the brain, leading to long-term cognitive deficits.
4. Neonatal Jaundice: Severe jaundice, if left untreated, can lead to kernicterus, a type of brain damage that can affect cognitive functioning.
