Syncope in children can be attributed to various causes, which can be broadly categorized into neurally mediated (reflex), cardiac, and non-cardiac causes:
Neurally mediated syncope: This is the most common type and includes vasovagal syncope, situational syncope, and carotid sinus hypersensitivity. Triggers may include pain, fear, prolonged standing, or exposure to heat. Cardiac syncope: Caused by underlying heart conditions such as arrhythmias, structural heart defects, or cardiomyopathies. It is less common but potentially more serious. Non-cardiac syncope: Includes metabolic disorders, neurologic conditions, and psychiatric disorders.
