AKI in children can result from various factors which can be broadly categorized into pre-renal, intrinsic, and post-renal causes:
Pre-renal causes: Conditions that reduce blood flow to the kidneys such as dehydration, severe infections, or heart failure. Intrinsic causes: Direct damage to the kidneys from conditions like glomerulonephritis, hemolytic uremic syndrome, or nephrotoxic medications. Post-renal causes: Obstructions in the urinary tract such as kidney stones or congenital abnormalities.
