Diagnosis involves a combination of clinical examination and diagnostic tests:
Physical Examination: Inspection, palpation, and auscultation of the abdomen. Abdominal X-ray: To identify air patterns, distended loops of bowel, or free air indicating perforation. Ultrasound: Useful for evaluating fluid collections and assessing blood flow in cases of suspected volvulus. Blood Tests: To check for signs of infection, electrolyte imbalances, and organ function. Contrast Studies: Such as a barium enema or upper GI series to assess for obstructions or malformations.
