Choline - Neonatal Disorders

What is Choline?

Choline is an essential nutrient that plays a significant role in many physiological processes. It is a water-soluble compound that is similar to the B vitamins. Choline is vital for neurotransmitter synthesis, cell membrane structure, and lipid transport and metabolism. It is especially important for brain development and function, making it crucial in the field of pediatrics.

Why is Choline Important for Children?

In growing children, choline is essential for cognitive development and brain health. It supports the formation of the myelin sheath, which insulates nerve fibers and enhances the speed of neural transmission. Adequate choline intake is linked to better memory, learning abilities, and overall cognitive function.

What are the Recommended Daily Intakes of Choline for Children?

The Institute of Medicine provides guidelines for adequate intake (AI) levels of choline for different age groups:

Infants 0-6 months: 125 mg/day
Infants 7-12 months: 150 mg/day
Children 1-3 years: 200 mg/day
Children 4-8 years: 250 mg/day
Children 9-13 years: 375 mg/day

What are Good Dietary Sources of Choline?

Choline is found in a variety of foods, making it relatively easy to include in a child's diet. Some excellent sources include:

Eggs
Meat and poultry
Fish
Dairy products
Cruciferous vegetables like broccoli and Brussels sprouts
Legumes
Nuts and seeds
Whole grains

What are the Consequences of Choline Deficiency in Children?

Choline deficiency can lead to several health issues. In children, a lack of choline can impair brain development and cognitive performance. It may also lead to muscle damage and liver dysfunction. Ensuring adequate choline intake is thus critical for a child's overall development and well-being.

Can Choline be Supplemented?

While it's generally best to obtain nutrients through a balanced diet, choline supplements are available for those who may not get enough from food alone. It is advisable to consult a healthcare provider before giving any nutritional supplements to children, as excessive choline intake can cause adverse effects like fishy body odor, vomiting, and low blood pressure.

How Can Parents Ensure Adequate Choline Intake for Their Children?

Parents can ensure their children receive adequate choline by providing a balanced diet that includes choline-rich foods. Monitoring and planning meals with a variety of proteins, vegetables, and grains can help meet daily choline requirements. If dietary sources are insufficient, consulting a pediatrician is essential for personalized advice and potential supplementation.

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Dietary choline intake in European and non-european populations: current status and future trends-a narrative review.

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Splenic nerve denervation attenuates depression-like behaviors in Chrna7 knock-out mice via the spleen-gut-brain axis.

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Detection of early-stage NASH using non-invasive hyperpolarized C metabolic imaging.

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Production of non-natural terpenoids through chemoenzymatic synthesis using substrate analogs.

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Community metabolic modeling of host-microbiota interactions through multi-objective optimization.

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Impregnation of Silica Gel with Choline Chloride-MEA as an eco-friendly adsorbent for CO capture.

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A Novel Antioxidant, Hydrogen-Rich Coral Calcium Alters Gut Microbiome and Bile Acid Synthesis to Improve Methionine-and-Choline-Deficient Diet-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

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