1. Verbal Comprehension: Assesses a child's ability to understand, use, and think with spoken language. 2. Visual-Spatial: Measures a child's ability to think in visual images and spatial relationships. 3. Fluid Reasoning: Evaluates the capacity to think logically and solve novel problems. 4. Working Memory: Tests the ability to retain and manipulate information over short periods. 5. Processing Speed: Measures the speed and accuracy of basic cognitive tasks.