Several factors can lead to neurotoxicity in neonates. Common causes include:
- Medications: Some drugs administered to neonates for treatment of various conditions can be neurotoxic. For instance, certain antibiotics and anticonvulsants have been shown to cause neurological damage. - Environmental Toxins: Exposure to substances like lead, mercury, and pesticides can result in neurotoxicity. These toxins can cross the placenta during pregnancy or be present in the environment postnatally. - Metabolic Disturbances: Conditions like hyperbilirubinemia (high levels of bilirubin) can lead to neurotoxic effects if not managed promptly. - Infections: Infections such as sepsis or meningitis can cause inflammation and damage to the neonatal brain.
