The most common epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA molecules. - DNA methylation involves the addition of a methyl group to DNA, typically suppressing gene expression. - Histone modification alters the proteins around which DNA is wound, impacting how tightly DNA is packaged and its accessibility for transcription. - Non-coding RNAs can regulate gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.
