Synthesis inhibition can be achieved through several methods:
1. Medications: Drugs such as enzyme inhibitors can block specific pathways, reducing the production of harmful substances. For example, sapropterin is used in PKU to enhance the function of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase, thereby reducing phenylalanine levels. 2. Dietary Modifications: Restricting the intake of certain amino acids or other nutrients can inhibit the synthesis of toxic metabolites. For instance, a low-protein diet is essential in managing PKU. 3. Gene Therapy: Emerging technologies like CRISPR can be used to edit genes responsible for the production of harmful substances, providing a potential cure for genetic disorders. 4. Supplements and Cofactors: Certain vitamins and cofactors can modulate enzyme activity, indirectly inhibiting the synthesis of harmful substances.
