Diagnosis typically involves a thorough history and physical examination. Key points include:
- Medical History: Asking about any recent illnesses, family history of heart or lung disease, and any symptoms like shortness of breath or fatigue. - Physical Examination: Observing the color of the extremities and checking for other signs like clubbing of fingers or a heart murmur. - Diagnostic Tests: Pulse oximetry to measure oxygen saturation, blood tests, chest X-rays, and echocardiograms may be used to determine the underlying cause.
