Mathematics is essential for monitoring the growth and development of children. Pediatricians use growth charts that represent statistical data on the height, weight, and head circumference of children at different ages. These charts allow for the calculation of percentiles, which help in assessing whether a child’s growth is on track. For example, if a child is in the 50th percentile for weight, it means that 50% of children of the same age weigh less, and 50% weigh more.