First-generation sequencing, such as the Sanger method, involves chain termination techniques and is relatively slow and costly. Second-generation sequencing, often called next-generation sequencing (NGS), uses massively parallel sequencing, which increases speed but still requires DNA amplification. Third generation sequencing, typified by technologies like PacBio and Oxford Nanopore, can read longer sequences directly from the DNA sample, providing several advantages in terms of speed, cost, and detail.
