Effective management includes: 1. Environmental Control: Using incubators with controlled temperature settings or radiant warmers to provide a stable thermal environment. 2. Regular Monitoring: Continuous or frequent measurement of surface temperature to detect and rectify deviations promptly. 3. Proper Insulation: Ensuring appropriate clothing and swaddling to minimize heat loss. 4. Medical Intervention: Addressing underlying medical issues such as infections, metabolic imbalances, and ensuring adequate nutrition.