What is Torticollis?
Torticollis, also known as "wry neck," is a condition where a baby's neck muscles contract, causing the head to twist to one side. This leads to a tilted head and limited range of motion. The condition can be either congenital (present at birth) or acquired.
Causes of Torticollis
Congenital torticollis is often caused by the positioning of the baby in the womb or during delivery. This can lead to a shortening or tightening of the
sternocleidomastoid muscle. Acquired torticollis in newborns may result from trauma, infections, or other underlying health conditions.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Common symptoms include a tilted head, limited head movement, and a small, palpable lump in the neck muscle. Diagnosis often involves a physical examination by a healthcare provider, and in some cases, imaging tests like
ultrasound or
X-rays to rule out other conditions.
Risk Factors
Several factors can increase the risk of developing torticollis, including being a first-born child, having a large birth weight, or experiencing a complicated delivery. Babies with
hip dysplasia are also at a higher risk.
Treatment Options
Early intervention is crucial for effective treatment. Physical therapy is often recommended to stretch and strengthen the neck muscles. Parents may be taught exercises to perform at home. In severe cases,
surgery might be required to release the tight muscle.
Prognosis and Long-term Effects
With early and appropriate treatment, most infants recover fully from torticollis. However, if left untreated, it can lead to long-term issues such as facial asymmetry, plagiocephaly (flat head syndrome), and developmental delays. Prevention and Parental Guidance
While torticollis cannot always be prevented, parents can help reduce the risk by practicing
tummy time, alternating the baby's head position during sleep, and ensuring proper ergonomics during feeding.
When to Seek Medical Attention
If you notice any signs of torticollis in your newborn, such as a consistently tilted head or limited neck movement, it is important to consult a healthcare provider promptly for evaluation and treatment options.
