What is an IEP?
An
Individualized Education Program (IEP) is a document that is developed for each public school child who needs special education. It is created through a team effort and reviewed periodically. An IEP is intended to address each child's unique learning issues and include specific educational goals.
Who Needs an IEP?
Children who have been identified as having a
disability that affects their ability to learn in a general education classroom may need an IEP. Disabilities can include but are not limited to,
autism, hearing impairments,
intellectual disabilities, specific learning disabilities, and emotional disturbances.
Referral: A teacher, parent, or doctor can make a referral for an IEP evaluation.
Evaluation: A comprehensive evaluation is conducted to determine the child's eligibility for special education services.
Meeting: If the child is found eligible, an IEP team meeting is scheduled to create the plan.
Plan Development: The team, including parents, teachers, and specialists, collaborates to develop the IEP.
Implementation: The IEP is put into action, and the child's progress is monitored.
Review: The IEP is reviewed at least once a year and revised as needed.
Who is Part of the IEP Team?
The IEP team typically includes: Parents or guardians
General education teachers
Special education teachers
School psychologists
Related service providers (e.g., speech therapists, occupational therapists)
School administrators
The child, when appropriate
What is Included in an IEP?
An IEP includes several key components: Current Performance: A statement of the child’s present levels of academic achievement and functional performance.
Goals: Measurable annual goals, including academic and functional goals.
Special Education and Related Services: Details of the special education, related services, and supplementary aids provided to the child.
Participation: An explanation of the extent to which the child will participate with non-disabled children in regular classes and activities.
Testing Modifications: Any individual modifications in the administration of state or district-wide assessments.
Transition Services: For older students, postsecondary goals and transition services are included.
How Does an IEP Benefit a Child?
An IEP is designed to provide a tailored educational experience that meets the specific needs of the child. Benefits include: Individualized instruction that targets areas of weakness.
Access to
specialized services like speech therapy, occupational therapy, and counseling.
Accommodations and modifications that enable the child to participate in the general education curriculum.
Regular monitoring and assessment of progress towards goals.
Increased collaboration between parents and educators to support the child's educational journey.
What Should Parents Do if They Disagree with the IEP?
If parents disagree with any part of the IEP, they have several options: Request a new IEP meeting to discuss concerns.
Seek mediation to resolve disagreements with the school.
File a complaint with the state's education agency.
Request a due process hearing where an impartial hearing officer makes a decision.
Conclusion
An
IEP is a vital tool in ensuring children with disabilities receive the education and support they need to succeed. Through collaborative efforts between parents, educators, and specialists, an IEP can provide a customized educational roadmap that addresses a child's unique challenges and builds on their strengths.
