Diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis can cause severe health complications, especially in young children. Diphtheria can lead to difficulty breathing, heart failure, and paralysis. Tetanus causes painful muscle stiffness and spasms, potentially leading to "lockjaw." Pertussis is highly contagious and can result in severe coughing fits and respiratory distress. The DTaP vaccine effectively reduces the incidence and spread of these diseases.