Neonates, especially those born prematurely, are at high risk for developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and other lung injuries due to the immature structure of their lungs. Traditional mechanical ventilation strategies that aim to normalize CO2 levels can cause barotrauma and volutrauma. Permissive hypercapnia helps in mitigating these risks by allowing a higher arterial CO2 level, thereby decreasing the need for aggressive ventilation and reducing the potential for lung damage.
