Respiratory distress in neonates can result from various underlying conditions. Some of the most common causes include:
Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)
Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) is primarily seen in preterm infants due to a deficiency of surfactant, a substance that helps keep the alveoli open. Symptoms usually manifest within the first few hours after birth.
Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn (TTN)
Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn (TTN) typically affects full-term or near-term infants. It is caused by delayed clearance of fetal lung fluid, leading to rapid breathing and other signs of respiratory distress.
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS)
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS) occurs when a newborn inhales a mixture of meconium and amniotic fluid into the lungs. This can block airways and cause inflammation, leading to respiratory distress.
Pneumonia
Neonatal pneumonia, an infection of the lungs, can also lead to respiratory distress. It may be acquired during delivery or after birth and requires prompt antibiotic treatment.
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH)
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) is a condition where a hole in the diaphragm allows abdominal organs to move into the chest, impairing lung development and function.
