The ABG test measures several important parameters: - pH: Indicates the acidity or alkalinity of the blood. - PaO2: Partial pressure of oxygen, reflecting oxygen levels in the blood. - PaCO2: Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, indicating how well CO2 is being removed. - HCO3-: Bicarbonate levels, providing insight into the metabolic component of acid-base balance. - SaO2: Oxygen saturation, showing the percentage of hemoglobin saturated with oxygen.