Prime editors are a new class of gene-editing tools that enable precise modifications to the genetic code. Unlike traditional methods such as CRISPR-Cas9, which relies on creating double-strand breaks in DNA, prime editors use a more refined approach. They consist of a modified Cas9 enzyme fused to a reverse transcriptase enzyme and a prime editing guide RNA (pegRNA). This combination allows the introduction of specific genetic changes without cutting both strands of DNA.
