DNA methyltransferases are enzymes that catalyze the transfer of a methyl group to DNA. The most well-known members of this enzyme family include DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B. Methylation typically occurs at the cytosine bases of CpG dinucleotides and is essential for various biological processes, including gene regulation, genomic imprinting, and X-chromosome inactivation. Dysregulation of DNA methylation has been linked to several diseases, including cancer.
