Growth charts: These are used to plot a child's growth over time compared to standardized percentiles. Medical history: Information on family history, prenatal and birth history, and any chronic illnesses. Physical examination: Detailed physical exams can reveal signs of malnutrition or chronic illness. Laboratory tests: Blood tests, hormone levels, and other investigations may be necessary to identify underlying conditions. Imaging studies: X-rays and other imaging techniques can assess bone age and structure.