Diagnosis in neonates is particularly challenging due to non-specific symptoms and the limitations of diagnostic tools. Diagnostic tools include echocardiography, which can show right ventricular strain or visualized thrombus, and ultrasound to detect deep vein thrombosis. Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) and ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scans are less commonly used due to concerns about radiation exposure and the need for sedation.
