Diagnosis typically involves a combination of clinical evaluation and laboratory tests. Important steps include: - Urine Tests: A 24-hour urine collection to measure calcium excretion. Spot urine calcium-to-creatinine ratio can also be useful. - Blood Tests: To check serum calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and vitamin D levels. - Imaging: Ultrasound of the kidneys to identify stones or structural abnormalities.
