The process of applying a cast involves several steps: 1. Assessment: The injured area is assessed through physical examination and imaging techniques like X-rays. 2. Padding: A layer of padding is applied to protect the skin. 3. Casting Material: Plaster or fiberglass is soaked in water and wrapped around the injured area. 4. Molding: The material is molded to fit the shape of the limb. 5. Hardening: The cast hardens and becomes rigid within minutes.