Several infections can cross the placenta and affect the fetus. These include TORCH infections—Toxoplasmosis, Other (syphilis, varicella-zoster, parvovirus B19), Rubella, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Herpes simplex virus (HSV). These pathogens can cause a range of neonatal disorders, from mild symptoms to severe congenital anomalies and even fetal death.
