The inheritance pattern of a single gene disorder depends on the type of gene mutation and its location on the chromosomes. The common inheritance patterns include:
Autosomal Dominant: Only one copy of the mutated gene is necessary for the disorder to manifest. Each affected individual has a 50% chance of passing the mutation to their offspring. Autosomal Recessive: Two copies of the mutated gene (one from each parent) are needed for the disorder to manifest. Carriers, who have only one copy of the mutation, usually do not show symptoms. X-Linked Dominant: A mutation in a gene on the X chromosome. Both males and females can be affected, but the disorder is often more severe in males. X-Linked Recessive: Mostly affects males, as they have only one X chromosome. Females can be carriers or, less commonly, affected if they inherit two mutated X chromosomes.
