The development of new treatments often begins with preclinical studies in the laboratory. These studies involve cell cultures and animal models to test the efficacy and safety of new drugs or interventions. Successful preclinical results lead to clinical trials in human subjects, starting with small Phase I trials to test safety, followed by larger Phase II and III trials to assess efficacy and monitor adverse effects. Regulatory approval from agencies like the FDA is required before a new treatment can be widely adopted.
