What is Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT)?
Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT) is a simple, cost-effective treatment used to prevent and treat dehydration, especially due to diarrhea. The treatment involves administering an oral rehydration solution (ORS) that contains a precise mixture of salts, glucose, and water.
Why is ORT Important in Pediatrics?
Children, particularly those under the age of five, are highly susceptible to dehydration from
diarrheal illnesses. Dehydration in infants and young children can quickly become severe, leading to serious health complications and even death. ORT is a lifesaving intervention that can be administered at home or in healthcare settings.
Dry mouth and tongue
No tears when crying
Decreased urine output (fewer wet diapers)
Sunken eyes and cheeks
Lethargy or irritability
Dry, cool skin
How is ORT Administered?
ORT involves giving the child an oral rehydration solution. The solution can be purchased commercially or prepared at home using a specific recipe (usually a mixture of clean water, salt, and sugar in correct proportions). The child should be given small, frequent sips of the solution, especially after each episode of diarrhea or vomiting. It’s important to continue feeding the child appropriate foods during the course of treatment.
Easy to administer and can be done at home
Cost-effective compared to intravenous fluids
Helps maintain
electrolyte balance in the body
Reduces the need for hospitalization
Promotes quicker recovery
Are There Any Side Effects of ORT?
ORT is generally safe and well-tolerated. However, if the solution is prepared incorrectly, it can lead to an imbalance of electrolytes, which can be harmful. Always use the correct proportions of ingredients or opt for commercially available ORS solutions to avoid complications.
Is unable to drink or keep fluids down
Shows signs of severe dehydration (such as very dry mouth, rapid breathing, or lethargy)
Has persistent vomiting or diarrhea for more than 24 hours
Has a high fever
Exhibits signs of shock or unconsciousness
1 liter of clean water
6 level teaspoons of sugar
1/2 level teaspoon of salt
Mix the ingredients well until the sugar and salt dissolve completely. It’s crucial to use the correct measurements to ensure the solution is effective and safe.
Conclusion
Oral Rehydration Therapy is a cornerstone in the management of dehydration in children, especially those suffering from diarrheal diseases. Understanding how to recognize signs of dehydration, prepare and administer ORS, and knowing when to seek medical attention can significantly improve outcomes and save lives. Always consult with a healthcare provider for tailored advice and treatment plans.
