Central Apnea: This occurs when the brain fails to send signals to the muscles that control breathing. It is more common in
premature infants due to the immaturity of the brainstem.
Obstructive Apnea: This happens when there is a blockage in the upper airway, often due to soft tissue collapse.
Mixed Apnea: A combination of both central and obstructive apnea.
Pauses in breathing lasting more than 20 seconds
Bradycardia (slow heart rate)
Cyanosis (bluish color of the skin)
Pallor (paleness)
Sudden limpness or unresponsiveness
Polysomnography: A comprehensive sleep study that monitors various physiological parameters.
Cardiorespiratory Monitoring: Continuous monitoring of heart rate and breathing patterns.
Oxygen Saturation Monitoring: Checking the levels of oxygen in the blood.
Caffeine Citrate: A medication often used to stimulate the brain's respiratory centers.
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP): A machine that helps keep the airways open.
Supplemental Oxygen: Providing extra oxygen to ensure adequate oxygen levels in the blood.
Surgical Intervention: In rare cases, surgery may be necessary to remove obstructions in the airway.
What is the Prognosis?
The prognosis for neonatal sleep apnea is generally good, especially in
preterm babies. Most infants outgrow the condition as their brain and respiratory systems mature. Continuous monitoring and appropriate treatment can help manage the condition effectively.
Ensure regular follow-up visits with a
pediatrician.
Make use of
home monitoring devices as recommended by the healthcare provider.
Maintain a calm and supportive environment for the baby.
Be vigilant about the baby's breathing patterns and seek immediate medical help if necessary.
