What Causes Contact Dermatitis?
The primary causes of contact dermatitis in children include exposure to
irritants such as soaps, detergents, and saliva, as well as allergens like
nickel, fragrances, and certain plants. It can also be caused by prolonged exposure to wet diapers and baby wipes. Understanding the
triggers can help in managing and preventing the condition.
What are the Symptoms?
Symptoms of contact dermatitis in children can vary but generally include red, itchy, and inflamed skin. In some cases, blisters,
crusting, and
scaling may also develop. The rash often appears on areas exposed to the irritant or allergen, such as the hands, face, or diaper area.
How is it Diagnosed?
Diagnosis of contact dermatitis typically involves a thorough
medical history and physical examination by a pediatrician. In some cases,
patch testing may be recommended to identify specific allergens. This involves applying small amounts of various allergens to the skin and observing for reactions over a few days.
What are the Treatment Options?
Treatment for contact dermatitis focuses on
avoiding triggers and alleviating symptoms. This may include the use of topical corticosteroids,
emollients, and antihistamines to reduce itching and inflammation. In severe cases, oral corticosteroids may be prescribed. It's also crucial to keep the affected area clean and dry.
How Can It Be Prevented?
Preventing contact dermatitis involves identifying and avoiding known irritants and allergens. Using
hypoallergenic products, keeping the skin well-moisturized, and minimizing exposure to potential allergens can help reduce the risk. For infants, frequent diaper changes and using fragrance-free wipes can be beneficial.
When to Seek Medical Attention?
Parents should seek medical attention if their child’s rash is severe, covers a large area, or is accompanied by other symptoms such as fever. Persistent or recurrent rashes also warrant a visit to the pediatrician for further evaluation and management.
