Several types of stem cells are utilized in treating neonatal disorders:
1. Embryonic Stem Cells (ESCs): These are derived from early-stage embryos and can differentiate into any cell type. However, their use is controversial due to ethical concerns.
2. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs): These are adult cells reprogrammed to an embryonic-like state. They offer a less controversial alternative to ESCs and can be derived from the patient’s own cells, reducing the risk of rejection.
3. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs): These are multipotent stem cells found in bone marrow, fat, and other tissues. They are known for their ability to differentiate into various cell types and their anti-inflammatory properties.
