What Are Some Current Applications of Pharmacogenomics in Pediatric Care?
Several areas in pediatrics are already benefiting from pharmacogenomic insights:
1. Oncology: Pharmacogenomics is used to tailor chemotherapy regimens in pediatric cancer patients. For example, variations in the TPMT gene can affect the metabolism of thiopurines, drugs commonly used to treat leukemia. Testing for TPMT variants helps determine the appropriate dosage to minimize toxicity.
2. Psychiatry: In pediatric psychiatry, pharmacogenomics can guide the selection of medications for conditions like ADHD and depression. Genes such as SLC6A4 and COMT are studied to predict responses to antidepressants and stimulants.
3. Infectious Diseases: The response to antiviral medications, such as those used to treat HIV, can be influenced by genetic factors. Pharmacogenomics helps identify the best therapeutic options and dosing for pediatric patients.
