Several therapies are employed to treat neonatal disorders, ranging from pharmacological treatments to surgical interventions and supportive care.
Pharmacological Therapies
Medications play a central role in managing many neonatal conditions. Antibiotics are commonly used to treat
neonatal infections. For neonates with respiratory distress syndrome, surfactant therapy helps improve lung function. Anticonvulsants may be used to manage neonatal seizures.
Respiratory Support
Respiratory issues are common in neonates, especially those born prematurely. Treatments can include supplemental oxygen, Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP), and mechanical ventilation. In some cases, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) may be necessary.
Nutritional Support
Proper nutrition is vital for the growth and development of newborns. For infants unable to feed orally, options like
enteral feeding through a nasogastric tube or
parenteral nutrition provide essential nutrients.
Surgical Interventions
Certain congenital anomalies and other conditions may require surgical intervention. Examples include congenital heart defects, gastrointestinal malformations, and neural tube defects. Early surgical correction can significantly improve the prognosis.
