What is Fetal Distress?
Fetal distress refers to signs before and during childbirth indicating that the fetus is not well. It often involves a compromised oxygen supply and can lead to significant neonatal disorders if not promptly addressed. The most common indicator of fetal distress is an abnormal heart rate pattern.
Placental insufficiency
Umbilical cord problems, such as cord prolapse
Maternal conditions like hypertension or diabetes
Infections
Prolonged labor
Abnormal fetal heart rate patterns such as tachycardia, bradycardia, or late decelerations.
Reduced fetal movement.
Meconium-stained amniotic fluid.
How is Fetal Distress Managed?
Management of fetal distress focuses on quick intervention to alleviate the stress and ensure the safety of both mother and child. Strategies include:
Changing the mother's position to improve blood flow.
Administering supplemental oxygen to the mother.
Intravenous fluids to improve maternal blood volume.
Medications to reduce uterine contractions.
Emergency
cesarean section if the distress is severe and persistent.
Regular prenatal care to monitor the health of both mother and fetus.
Management of maternal conditions such as diabetes and hypertension.
Avoiding harmful substances like tobacco and alcohol during pregnancy.
Ensuring proper nutrition and hydration.
Conclusion
Fetal distress is a critical condition that requires immediate attention to prevent severe neonatal disorders. Through vigilant monitoring, timely diagnosis, and appropriate management, the adverse outcomes associated with fetal distress can be significantly minimized.
